salt.renderers.jinja¶

Jinja in States¶

The most basic usage of Jinja in state files is using control structures to wrap conditional or redundant state elements:

{% if grains['os'] != 'FreeBSD' %}
tcsh:
    pkg:
        - installed
{% endif %}

motd:
  file.managed:
    {% if grains['os'] == 'FreeBSD' %}
    - name: /etc/motd
    {% elif grains['os'] == 'Debian' %}
    - name: /etc/motd.tail
    {% endif %}
    - source: salt://motd

In this example, the first if block will only be evaluated on minions that aren't running FreeBSD, and the second block changes the file name based on the os grain.

Writing if-else blocks can lead to very redundant state files however. In this case, using pillars, or using a previously defined variable might be easier:

{% set motd = ['/etc/motd'] %}
{% if grains['os'] == 'Debian' %}
  {% set motd = ['/etc/motd.tail', '/var/run/motd'] %}
{% endif %}

{% for motdfile in motd %}
{{ motdfile }}:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://motd
{% endfor %}

Using a variable set by the template, the for loop will iterate over the list of MOTD files to update, adding a state block for each file.

Include and Import¶

Includes and imports can be used to share common, reusable state configuration between state files and between files.

{% from 'lib.sls' import test %}

This would import the test template variable or macro, not the test state element, from the file lib.sls. In the case that the included file performs checks again grains, or something else that requires context, passing the context into the included file is required:

{% from 'lib.sls' import test with context %}

Macros¶

Macros are helpful for eliminating redundant code, however stripping whitespace from the template block, as well as contained blocks, may be necessary to emulate a variable return from the macro.

# init.sls
{% from 'lib.sls' import pythonpkg with context %}

python-virtualenv:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: {{ pythonpkg('virtualenv') }}

python-fabric:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: {{ pythonpkg('fabric') }}

# lib.sls
{% macro pythonpkg(pkg) -%}
  {%- if grains['os'] == 'FreeBSD' -%}
    py27-{{ pkg }}
  {%- elif grains['os'] == 'Debian' -%}
    python-{{ pkg }}
  {%- endif -%}
{%- endmacro %}

This would define a macro that would return a string of the full package name, depending on the packaging system's naming convention. The whitespace of the macro was eliminated, so that the macro would return a string without line breaks, using whitespace control.

Template Inheritance¶

Template inheritance works fine from state files and files. The search path starts at the root of the state tree or pillar.

Filters¶

Saltstack extends builtin filters with these custom filters:

strftime

Converts any time related object into a time based string. It requires a valid strftime directives. An exhaustive list can be found in the official Python documentation.

{% set curtime = None | strftime() %}

Fuzzy dates require the timelib Python module is installed.

{{ "2002/12/25"|strftime("%y") }}
{{ "1040814000"|strftime("%Y-%m-%d") }}
{{ datetime|strftime("%u") }}
{{ "tomorrow"|strftime }}

sequence

Ensure that parsed data is a sequence.

yaml_encode

Serializes a single object into a YAML scalar with any necessary handling for escaping special characters. This will work for any scalar YAML data type: ints, floats, timestamps, booleans, strings, unicode. It will not work for multi-objects such as sequences or maps.

   {%- set bar = 7 %}
   {%- set baz = none %}
   {%- set zip = true %}
   {%- set zap = 'The word of the day is "salty"' %}

   {%- load_yaml as foo %}
   bar: {{ bar|yaml_encode }}
   baz: {{ baz|yaml_encode }}
   baz: {{ zip|yaml_encode }}
   baz: {{ zap|yaml_encode }}
   {%- endload %}

In the above case ``{{ bar }}`` and ``{{ foo.bar }}`` should be
identical and ``{{ baz }}`` and ``{{ foo.baz }}`` should be
identical.

yaml_dquote

Serializes a string into a properly-escaped YAML double-quoted string. This is useful when the contents of a string are unknown and may contain quotes or unicode that needs to be preserved. The resulting string will be emitted with opening and closing double quotes.

   {%- set bar = '"The quick brown fox . . ."' %}
   {%- set baz = 'The word of the day is "salty".' %}

   {%- load_yaml as foo %}
   bar: {{ bar|yaml_dquote }}
   baz: {{ baz|yaml_dquote }}
   {%- endload %}

In the above case ``{{ bar }}`` and ``{{ foo.bar }}`` should be
identical and ``{{ baz }}`` and ``{{ foo.baz }}`` should be
identical.  If variable contents are not guaranteed to be a string
then it is better to use ``yaml_encode`` which handles all YAML
scalar types.

yaml_squote

Similar to the yaml_dquote filter but with single quotes. Note that YAML only allows special escapes inside double quotes so yaml_squote is not nearly as useful (viz. you likely want to use yaml_encode or yaml_dquote).

Jinja in Files¶

Jinja can be used in the same way in managed files:

# redis.sls
/etc/redis/redis.conf:
    file.managed:
        - source: salt://redis.conf
        - template: jinja
        - context:
            bind: 127.0.0.1

# lib.sls
{% set port = 6379 %}

# redis.conf
{% from 'lib.sls' import port with context %}
port {{ port }}
bind {{ bind }}

As an example, configuration was pulled from the file context and from an external template file.

Calling Salt Functions¶

The Jinja renderer provides a shorthand lookup syntax for the salt dictionary of execution function.

# The following two function calls are equivalent.
{{ salt['cmd.run']('whoami') }}
{{ salt.cmd.run('whoami') }}

Debugging¶

The show_full_context function can be used to output all variables present in the current Jinja context.

Context is: {{ show_full_context() }}

salt.renderers.jinja.render(template_file, saltenv='base', sls='', argline='', context=None, tmplpath=None, **kws)¶

Render the template_file, passing the functions and grains into the Jinja rendering system.

Return type:	string